Where the fights are

Two lawsuits filed by Oxmoor Valley residents seeking injunctions; the first was dismissed May 29 2026, a second filed June 29 2026.

Route Fifty (25 Aug 2026): "About 350 people signed the group's petition demanding more transparency from the commission", the group is Protect Lowndes County, which filed an open-records request on 27 July 2026 seeking project documentation and entity lists.

Dismissed June 22, 2026 by joint stipulation.

WBRC (13 Aug 2026) reports "Hundreds pack Fairfield town hall over proposed data center inside former Walmart", with residents raising health risks, rising utility bills and community benefit.

"Since its announcement, residents have expressed disapproval for the data center leading to a town hall in January 2026 that answered questions regarding the facility.

Public opposition centered on power consumption, environmental issues, noise and peak-demand shortages.

The Kenai Peninsula Borough, the Center for Biological Diversity and the Alaska Commercial Fisheries Conservation Alliance moved to intervene at FERC, and most of the roughly 40 public comments filed oppose the project.

A resident raised concerns about proximity to homes and North Pole Middle School, noise, heat effects on permafrost, diesel backup generators, water table impacts and costs to GVEA members.

The Ak-Chin Indian Community, whose southern boundary abuts the site, opposes the location.

All approximately 60 public comments and 50 emails received by the Pinal County Board opposed the project.

Dismissed April 2026, appeal expected.

Maricopa County Board of Supervisors unanimously approved the industrial rezoning (Dec 10, 2025) despite two resident-led petitions totaling roughly 300 signatures opposing the project over well-water impacts.

Marana Town Council approved rezoning 6-0 after hours of packed public testimony on water, power, and growth concerns.

Board of Supervisors approved 4-1 (May 2026).

Hidden Valley residents raised concerns about falling water tables and deeper well drilling, with one resident saying 'There needs to be a cap on the water, if any water is used.' A June 2026 opposition letter from a nearby homeowner linked a well pump burnout to lowered groundwater.

Residents packed June 2026 Mesa City Council meeting opposing rezoning, citing water use, heat, and drought.

The cities of Buckeye and Goodyear both raised significant concerns over building heights, noise and deviation from surrounding land use, and area residents circulated a petition opposing the project.

KATV reported that 'in the rural Pope County community of Moreland, not one but two cryptomines are setting up shop, much to the dismay of some locals,' and that 'Block Op's new site is even closer to Moreland First Baptist than Moreland Holding LLC's - directly across the street.' Church and community concerns centred on noise during Sunday services and on grid power draw; locals formed a committee protesting Act 851.

Residents packed the Conway City Council meeting of 2026-05-13 in opposition.

Residents and Moreland First Baptist Church objected to the site, with one church representative saying 'We don't know of anything at this point with this particular Chinese company.

Macedonia residents objected to continuous noise.

Residents raised water and transparency concerns and protested at Quorum Court meetings.

Pulaski County adopted a one-year data-center moratorium (10 votes) in May 2026 but exempted AVAIO by a bare 8-vote majority, the minimum on the 15-member Quorum Court.

Mountain Pine City Hall issued a noise ordinance and ordered GMI Computing (General Mint Inc.) to install sound barriers by end-of-year 2023, after residents reported constant loud noise audible 4-5 miles away and said the company represented the facility as a 'data center' rather than a crypto mine when it was proposed.

Pending, Imperial County Superior Court (filed June 2026); developer is the plaintiff.

Hundreds attended town halls over water use, power costs, air quality, noise, farmland loss, and proximity to Valle del Sol Elementary (about 2 miles).

Regional coalition (SGV Progressive Action, Avocado Heights Vaqueros, No Data Center Monterey Park) organizing against; council cut public comment to one minute amid opposition volume.

About three hours of mostly opposing public comment at a Modesto council meeting; some called for a moratorium

Intense opposition from South Bay residents at the 2026-07-09 Planning Commission hearing led directly to withdrawal.

Resident pushback over water and electricity demand drove the withdrawal; Oakley became the first Bay Area city to enact a data center moratorium (through April 2027).

Measure NDC, a permanent citywide data-center ban, passed 88.34% (10,321-1,362) in a June 2, 2026 special election and was implemented via Ordinance 2279; the applicant's withdrawal (March 31, 2026) preceded the vote.

~100 residents attended a Hanford community meeting opposing the project; concerns over air quality, water, noise and grid capacity.

Residents spoke out against the plan; the fair board ended the MOU

North San José advocates argue the R&D label avoids data center scrutiny (blueprints show a 250 MW substation, generator yards and cooling towers); Google says the site is internal chip-engineering compute lab space and 'not going to be a data center'.

Kings County Supervisor Garrett Gilcrease (also Farm Bureau president) opposed the project on water grounds during his 2024 campaign; the project advanced with little public input; no formal legal challenge as of mid-2026.

The CBD CEQA lawsuit was settled Dec 2025, but public opposition continues independently: a Change.org petition had roughly 14,000 signatures as of June 2026, and a June 15 2026 City Council meeting drew 200+ attendees with mostly-opposed public comment; the Mayor and Council directed an additional public workshop (held July 30, 2026).

Organized resident opposition active.

Riverbank imposed a 45-day data center moratorium on Sept.

Activists (incl.

Proposal was on the Solano County Fair Association Board of Directors' meeting agenda for Wednesday, 2026-07-15.

Approved via a zoning classification (Hayward Municipal Code Section 10-1.1604) that treated data centers as "office use," letting the project bypass City Council-level review and go through Planning Commission alone.

Northeast Brighton residents organized against the plan over water, noise and health concerns.

Logan County declared a moratorium on data centers, battery storage, solar and wind development in October 2025 while it wrote regulations; planning-commission recommendations went to the county commissioners on 2026-01-06.

Elyria-Swansea residents have opposed the project over water use, air pollution and noise since construction began, holding a neighborhood press conference in February 2026; the backlash helped prompt Denver's one-year moratorium on new data center approvals, passed by city council in May 2026, which blocks CoreSite's two additional planned buildings but not the one already standing.

Colorado Springs Planning Commission voted 6-2 (July 2026) to deny five appeals of the project's staff-level administrative approval, filed by a resident and an advocacy group, after a marathon public hearing, attaching conditions (a 50MW power cap and low-frequency infrasound monitoring).

Weld County posted stop-work orders on the property on 2026-05-07, 2026-06-11 and again on an unspecified date for un-permitted construction, and issued a formal order to abate on 2026-07-20.

Walsenburg's mayor and town administrator said they were unaware of the plan when contacted in early 2026.

Concerned Citizens of Waterford and East Lyme (CCWEL) formed in opposition.

Residents formed 'Stop Cromwell CT Data Center' and a change.org petition; the planning and zoning commission rejected a proposed one-year data center moratorium 5-2.

Courant (2026-09-21): an August 2026 town information meeting; three online petitions with more than 3,000 signatures; residents calling for a moratorium (none passed yet)

Residents packed an October 2026 town hall, raising traffic, noise, water, lighting and environmental concerns; some asked for a data center moratorium.

A resident petition passed 1,200 signatures by July and 1,445 by 2026-08-12, asking for a moratorium and a joint public meeting.

The Bristol Edition reports residents only learned of the 2022-era project recently, and the City Council and mayor pushed the Zoning Commission to roll back the data-center rules the project relies on

DNREC Secretary denied Coastal Zone Act permit February 4, 2026 citing 516 backup diesel generators and 2.5 million gallons of stored diesel as unprecedented heavy industrial use under Delaware's 1971 Coastal Zone Act.

Council vote was unanimous against the project despite a proposed $1M community-benefits package; press described the rejection as met with 'cheers and a standing ovation' from residents in attendance.

A UD faculty/administrator review group and Newark-area residents raised sustained concerns on environmental-impact and campus-mission grounds; UD's review concluded the 279 MW plant was unprecedented in scale for a US data center, could not be environmentally assessed absent a comparable precedent, and that TDC had shifted emphasis toward wholesale power sales rather than the university's science/tech mission.

The site includes land hosting Frightland, a well-known Delaware Halloween attraction, which would be demolished.

Residents opposed the gas plant over air emissions and property values.

A county councilman publicly brokered a pause after community/political pressure, but the arrangement is a non-binding handshake conditioned on a zoning workaround; the councilman acknowledged its fragility ('If I'm not there, there's no promises').

More than 50 residents attended the June 1, 2026 Lakeland City Commission meeting to oppose the proposed 'Project Swan' hyperscale data center, with 18 speaking against it during audience comments.

Public comment at the DeSoto County Commission was nearly unanimously opposed; commissioners voted 4-0 (one recusal) on 23 June 2026 to move forward with a one-year moratorium on new data center applications, which does not apply to DCIP's pending applications.

More than 200 residents attended the Planning and Development Commission's public hearing, the vast majority speaking in opposition, citing water and electricity use, artificial light in a rural area, and a continuous low-frequency hum.

Residents raised noise and well-water contamination concerns.

Dozens of residents picketed outside City Hall and packed the 2026-09-17 Fort Pierce Planning Board meeting on 'Project Neptune'.

Florida Commerce Secretary Alex Kelly called project 'fundamentally flawed' in April 17, 2026 letter citing water, energy, and transportation risks.

At the 2026-09-21 open house, residents raised concerns about traffic, noise, water and light.

City commissioners Anne Huffman, Kim Downing, and Lekia Johnson have voiced opposition citing infrastructure, energy, water, traffic, and quality-of-life concerns.

Nassau County is pursuing a 12-month moratorium in response to the proposal.

Westview residents say they only learned the project was a data center after construction was already underway, and raised concerns about water usage, power-grid strain, and local job access at a town hall with County Commissioner Marleine Bastien; no litigation reported.

Residents raised concerns about electricity costs, grid capacity and transparency (project was confidential under state law); the city issued clarifications distinguishing the approved 33,760 sq ft building from larger conceptual plans.

City commission advanced an 18-month data center moratorium (first reading 2026-08-31, workshop 2026-09-03, second reading 2026-09-22); the application may continue technical review but cannot receive final approval while a moratorium is in effect.

Eatonville Town Council members have pushed for transparency and raised water/power/noise/appearance concerns; the town has assessed missed-deadline fines.

Over 8,000 Change.org petition signatures opposing project.

Three residents, Michelle Finch-Mincey, Lehman Mincey Jr.

Pending, Coweta County Superior Court.

Monroe County commissioners unanimously denied the rezoning after the planning board recommended denial.

Coastal Communities United and eleven individual petitioners filed a petition for review and request for declaratory judgment in Bulloch County Superior Court on 2026-09-17, challenging the 3-2 city council rezoning of 2026-08-18 from R-4 residential to O office/business.

Pending, filed late August 2026, Gwinnett County.

Twiggs County residents sued in Twiggs County Superior Court on 2025-09-26 to cancel the rezoning, alleging the county posted the hearing notice on the wrong property with an incorrect date and approved a Development of Regional Impact without the required Middle Georgia Regional Commission review.

Two lawsuits were filed in Spalding County Superior Court against the Board of Commissioners' Jan.

Columbia County unanimously approved the White Oak rezoning with conditions (Feb 3, 2026), but a resident filed a judicial-review lawsuit (Feb 25, 2026) challenging the approval over an outdated traffic study, unverified water/sewer capacity, and an unreviewed access-route change.

Opposition centred on proximity to Michelle Obama STEM Elementary Academy, Eddie White Middle School and New Hope Methodist Church, and on Panhandle Road school traffic cited in the city's own DRI comments.

About 5,000 residents signed an online petition against the project, citing environmental, property-value, health and safety concerns; the council vote creating the overlay district was 6-2.

Residents organized against the rezoning.

A change.org petition, "Say NO to the Data Center on Euharlee Rd.", started by Dani Hall on 2025-11-17, reached 2,225 signatures.

A raucous crowd spoke against the rezoning over noise, night lighting and water-draw concerns; commissioners doubled public-comment time.

The announced project size drew audible jeers from a packed Citizens Hall; residents cited continuous noise and the site's position in the Dog River Basin, which feeds the county's main drinking-water reservoir.

Over 150 residents attended the February 2025 Pierce County Commission meeting, with virtually everyone opposing the permit; stated concerns were noise, high energy consumption, and potential property-value declines.

The 2026-07-15 community meeting drew a standing-room crowd, and the residents who spoke were opposed, citing noise, water use, environmental effects, falling property values and the future of the area's historic district; opponent Alex Payne said the developers "paint a nice pretty picture" but leave questions about who will ultimately use the facility.

Sustained resident opposition organised as the Carroll County Anti-Data Center Coalition over roughly two weeks; the Carroll County Board of Commissioners issued a statement opposing annexation of the county property into Temple, and the developer withdrew the proposal on 2026-08-04.

Coweta County received 121 letters of opposition from 112 individuals and none in support; the denial drew applause from a standing-room-only crowd.

Residents packed the rezoning hearing in opposition; Palmetto's mayor asked commissioners to weigh the long-term cost to quality of life, environment and residents.

Fayetteville adopted a 90-day moratorium (Jan 29 2026) then unanimously passed Ordinance 26-O-12 (March 5 2026) banning new data centers in all zoning districts; existing Fairwater 1/2 and the Dec 2025 East Campus rezoning are grandfathered.

A Planning and Zoning Board informational session was scheduled for 2026-05-18, rescheduled to 2026-06-01 and then cancelled, drawing sustained resident objections about process and transparency.

2024 rezoning drew limited opposition; by 2026 residents launched a Change.org petition seeking an independent environmental/infrastructure study and a moratorium on future data centers.

Protesters at the August 2026 council meeting raised noise and pollution concerns, particularly for nearby Rottenwood Creek; the council attached monitoring and independent sound-study conditions.

Residents opposed the annexation and rezoning; an attorney for 11 residents cited notice, a conservation easement, and a pending court case involving the property.

Organized neighborhood opposition (Haynes Station / Captain's Corner) over transparency, noise, environmental impact, and Savannah River water use; residents spoke at Augusta Commission meetings (May-June 2026).

Environmental and community groups (Southern Environmental Law Center and partners) filed an enforcement request with Georgia EPD over unpermitted construction and air-quality concerns.

Social Circle City Council unanimously approved a special-use permit for SC Infrastructure LLC (June 2025).

County staff recommended denial and the item was tabled twice.

The Idaho Sierra Club called the proposal 'unacceptable', citing air quality, climate and water.

Kuna City Council approved rezoning the site from agricultural to M-1 light industrial in a 3-2 vote on 2025-04-01, with Mayor Joe Stear breaking the tie.

Hearing Examiner Kathleen Lewis denied the conditional use permit after a 2026-05-14 hearing, finding the application did not meet Pocatello Municipal Code 17.02.130(D)'s criteria that the use adequately serve public facilities and not be detrimental to public health, safety, or welfare; critics said the applicant could not answer specifics of the conditions and no tenant was confirmed pending an Idaho Power capacity study.

Pending, Will County Circuit Court (filed May 18, 2026); motions heard September 8, 2026.

Two active lawsuits as of July 2026.

A residents' collective and nine Lake County homeowners sued Grayslake, T5 Data Centers and Alter Asset Management on July 31, 2026 in Lake County Circuit Court to void the approvals.

Residents raised concerns about environmental impact and utility bills during a roughly two-year review; the mayor asked the council to vote the development agreement down.

Residents objected over utility costs, cooling water use, diesel generator emissions and proximity to homes and schools; the council rejected both the original two-building plan and a reduced single-building version.

A Change.org petition gathered 1,303 signatures citing air pollution, water quality and tax concerns; the village said the matter was closed with no further discussion anticipated.

The project drew vigorous opposition in Pekin and surrounding communities; the mayor's announcement that the city would not proceed drew applause from a packed council meeting, and a resident group, Protect Pekin, formed to oppose it.

An online petition against the project had 8,347 signatures as of 28 July 2026; the developer launched an informational website in response, characterising the objections as misinformation.

Christian County had a pre-existing moratorium on data center construction (imposed Aug 2025); a resident petition with nearly 700 signatures calls for an 18-month moratorium plus independent studies before any approval.

No lawsuit confirmed from court records; zoning granted 17 to 10 with one abstention on April 7, 2026.

Latham canceled its Aug.

Local coverage reports pushback over proximity to residential zones, Coal City Middle School and the Early Childhood Center; a Change.org petition opposes the campus.

Metro Development Commission approved via a 'variance of use' (bypassing full rezoning) in March 2026; 7 residents sued in Marion Superior Court for judicial review, developer filed a motion to dismiss June 2026, case pending.

Six months of Martindale-Brightwood resident opposition; residents filed suit citing environmental concerns after the April 1, 2026 rezoning approval.

Significant opposition.

Wolcott residents Bart and Amy Snyder sued the commissioners, the White County Redevelopment Commission and the property owners in August 2025 seeking to overturn the rezoning of just over 184 acres near U.S.

Community groups pushed back citing water supply burden (up to 5 million gallons/day estimated), energy cost impacts, and tax abatements while investment in local economy seen as insufficient.

Heavy resident opposition over water use, noise, environmental impact and property values drove the withdrawal; Valparaiso's council later advanced its own data-center moratorium ordinance in mid-2026.

Residents plus local and state lawmakers opposed the rezoning.

More than 500 opponents attended the July 2026 hearing, which was relocated to a church gym to fit the crowd; the plan commission recommended denial 7-2.

The February 4, 2026 open house grew contentious, with more than 40 residents voicing frustration and saying they were blindsided; Fulton County commissioners then approved a one-year moratorium on data center construction, effective March 3, 2026.

Neighbors including the owners of Tuttle Orchards raised concerns ahead of the 2025-05-08 public meeting on rezoning 775 acres of agricultural land in Buck Creek Township.

A formal zoning appeal challenging the project was filed and denied (May 2026) after a ~5.5-hour hearing; opponents raised environmental concerns over proximity to the Big Oaks National Wildlife Refuge and local water/utility strain.

Commissioners cited negative impact on area property owners.

Council member Amy Drake said she was voting with the people of New Carlisle against the data center after overwhelming public testimony in opposition.

A local petition opposed the project on water/land grounds; the Washington City Council voted unanimously in May 2026 to cease all dealings with the developer and to explore a data-center moratorium.

Residents packed the August 4, 2026 meeting at Hovey House in Mount Vernon and submitted hundreds of letters in opposition, asking for a two-year moratorium; several criticized the commissioners for signing a non-disclosure agreement with the developer.

Residents and environmental groups raised water and power consumption, noise, property-value and wildlife concerns; the Town Council held a series of public forums before the developer withdrew.

Rezoning vote postponed to May 2026; Board of Zoning Appeals final permitting still required.

Opponents filed an appeal against the hearing examiner's June 11, 2026 approval recommendation; full City-County Council vote pending, likely August 2026.

The site is directly across from the Woodford Drive residential area; residents raised environmental concerns and Mayor Treva Hodges said she wanted higher expectations for developers and suggested delaying approval.

IDEM cited Amazon and its contractor for unauthorized wetland impacts and halted work in affected areas pending Section 401 water-quality recertification; a April 2025 public hearing drew 100+ residents opposing a pending wetland-fill permit near Bendix Woods County Park, with concerns over aquifer depletion and utility rates.

Active opposition group 'No Data Centers Hobart Indiana'; majority of Plan Commission testimony opposed; concerns include noise, light, water/power use, property values; lawsuit filed in Lake County Court.

A petition sought to halt the project and gallery members jeered during the council discussion.

Pending: residents' challenge to the annexation filed 2026, City of Salix moved to dismiss August 21, 2026; Woodbury County's court challenge also pending.

Nearly 330 signatures opposed the project.

The Sept.

Cedar Falls City Council unanimously rejected the zoning-code changes needed for this project on 2026-05-18, after sustained resident opposition over noise, water, and energy-consumption concerns tied to a paired proposal (Cedar Falls Utilities' 'Viking Energy Center' natural-gas plant, not itself a Compute Atlas facility type).

At the April 2024 supervisors meeting one resident objected to living beside a 70-foot concrete wall, and Supervisor Jodie Hoadley raised loss of productive farmland and said project officials 'could not answer what was in it for Adair County.' The board determined zoning involvement was needed before the project could proceed and set a public hearing on a setback ordinance for April 24, 2024.

No lawsuit filed; proposal in the hearing stage before the Ames City Council, resident study committee applications close September 9, 2026.

Sioux County has a one-year moratorium on data centers in unincorporated areas, effective 2026-06-16, and no formal county approval has been granted.

Residents raised water and energy use, noise and light pollution at months of Palo public meetings.

The proposal prompted Dubuque County supervisors to enact a one-year data center moratorium; the city held public input sessions in July 2026 and both city and county began drafting data center ordinances.

Several residents opposed the project at the city council meeting.

Ida County enacted a data center moratorium effective June 30, 2026.

~100 residents packed a May 2026 planning commission meeting opposing the $10B QTS project over water/power impacts, then residents 'swarmed' a July 16, 2026 meeting to protest again; commissioners have twice declined to vote, postponing the decision rather than approving or denying.

Marshalltown City Council adopted a 120-day data center moratorium (expires Nov.

City hall and a library overflow room were packed for the March 5, 2026 hearing, with more than two hours of public comment focused on water sustainability and environmental impact; the council approved the agreement unanimously with one member absent.

Protests at city hall and a push for a data-center moratorium followed the December 2025 development agreement; opponents cite water, power, noise and economic-benefit concerns.

Zoning approval failed a vote and drew a lawsuit; decision pending in 2026.

Dismissed.

Organized local opposition.

Beale Infrastructure withdrew its Gardner application on May 7, 2026, days after roughly 100 residents (30+ speaking against) packed a May 4 city council meeting and the city said no incentives would be granted.

Ottawa United petition to ban hyperscale data centers was placed on the November 2026 ballot; residents sued the city.

Hundreds attended the council meeting to oppose the project.

Planning Commission denied the site plan 3-2; Council overrode it unanimously; residents launched a ballot petition and the city sued the petition organizers.

Neighbors circulating a petition to put later phases of high-impact data center development to a public vote.

July 22, 2026 commission votes (5-0 rezoning, overlay, water policies) drew one of the largest crowds in recent history with overflow rooms; opponents cited transparency and water use, supporters included the Chamber; one attendee arrested.

No lawsuit filed; agreements approved 2 to 0 with one abstention on Monday, August 31, 2026.

The grassroots group 'We Are Mason County, KY' sued the county and its planning commission, arguing the approval process was rushed and that the county's comprehensive plan does not address where or how many data centers may be built.

Two active lawsuits: (1) TenKey LandCo sues Simpson County in Simpson Circuit Court challenging a December 2025 county ordinance requiring conditional-use permits for data centers, arguing county lacks zoning authority inside Franklin city limits; (2) Franklin Citizens for Responsible Development sues the Franklin P&Z Commission alleging it lacked authority to approve the preliminary plan, which passed 3-2 in March 2026.

Organized opposition group 'We Are Oldham County' ('Some of the members of the fiscal court today voted to protect your rights', Nate Oberg).

Strong community opposition from Rubbertown-area residents citing energy affordability burdens on low-income customers, environmental and health equity concerns in a historically underserved West End neighborhood.

Hundreds of residents filled the old courthouse in Pineville for a June 26, 2026 special-called fiscal court meeting to oppose the project over water quality, noise and road impacts; the fiscal court gave first reading to a moratorium that day and passed a two-year ban on data center construction in July 2026.

District 1 Council Member Tammy Hawkins said the developer did not contact her before filing and accused the company of trying to 'backdoor' the application ahead of the moratorium; residents in the Rubbertown area raised environmental-justice concerns about the concentration of data centers in west and south Louisville.

More than 150 people signed up to speak, nearly all opposed.

National developer Panattoni's proposed hyperscale AI data center on unincorporated farmland near Burgin would require annexation of 1,000+ acres, roughly doubling Burgin's size.

The City of Russell passed a six-month moratorium on the construction and operation of data centers within city limits in June 2026.

Cave City enacted a 12-month data-center zoning moratorium 2026-05-20.

Carroll County/Ghent-area residents organized opposition (group 'No Data Center 502') after learning the Carrollton Industrial Campus had reportedly been in development for over a year before its public announcement.

The west Shreveport announcement was pulled from the February 2026 state event after a suit by three plaintiffs and the Sierra Club Delta Chapter; the case remains in the Second Circuit Court of Appeals.

Residents raised environmental and quality-of-life objections; the New Orleans City Council voted 6-0 on 2026-01-28 for a one-year moratorium on data center construction, and the developer withdrew the zoning permit hours later.

Police records obtained by the Gulf States Newsroom show 64 crashes on the roads around the site from January to mid September 2025, against nine in all of 2024.

The Eastport City Council unanimously enacted a 180-day data center moratorium, and the Port Authority board expressed opposition.

Grassroots group Protect Wiscasset formed by Richard Davis.

Maine LD 307, pending in the Legislature as of March 2026, would bar permits for facilities over 20MW until late 2027, directly threatening this project's 24MW power agreement (developer says it 'can live with' the cap but it blocks the planned 50MW scale-up).

Sanford imposed a unanimous 91-day emergency moratorium in May 2026, halting the project, then extended it by 180 days to Jan.

The town planning office rejected the April 20, 2026 master plan as incomplete.

More than 23,000 petition signatures collected (Nature Forward, July 2026).

Sustained opposition from Montgomery County community and environmental groups.

Neighboring residents raised health concerns over construction dust and traffic in November 2025.

Frederick County Data Center Referendum Committee collected 21,000+ signatures opposing overlay zone expansion.

Charles County Planning Commission voted to recommend denial of ZTA in March 2026 and again in June 2026 public hearing (four hours of resident testimony).

Residents raised concerns about water use, home values and utility bills at a December 2025 neighborhood meeting.

Worcester County staff determined the proposed cable landing station does not qualify as a public utility and is not permitted under the site's current C-2 zoning.

In a draft agreement open for comment in September 2026, Catellus offered about $110M in community benefits in exchange for a zoning freeze.

Massachusetts' first data center lawsuit filed April 27, 2026 in Middlesex County Superior Court by Honest Future for Lowell (10 plaintiffs) represented by Yale Law School Environmental Justice Clinic, Fitch Law Partners, and Conservation Law Foundation.

Westfield City Council voted unanimously on July 6, 2026 to enact a 365-day citywide moratorium on new data-center permits/construction after residents packed hearings over water and power-strain concerns; the moratorium is framed as not formally targeting Servistar's existing 2021 approvals.

Settled; project proceeding with community benefits package.

Pending, U.S.

Gibraltar City Council passed a one-year data-center moratorium on 2026-03-09, after Raeden had already submitted its application.

Lake Superior Academy, a school directly across the street, filed suit in July 2025 seeking a preliminary injunction, noise reduction and at least $25,000 in damages; a judge issued a temporary restraining order requiring the mine to shut down during the litigation, and the parties were in mediation as of the source.

The planning commission voted 7-2 on 2026-06-04 to deny the site plan after postponing the decision three times, citing needed zoning-ordinance revisions, missing information and inadequate engineering studies, and a sound study that failed to demonstrate noise mitigation.

The Howell Township Planning Commission voted against recommending the rezoning after a seven-hour meeting on 2025-09-23; the Livingston County Planning Commission voted against the project on 2025-11-19; the township board passed a six-month data-center moratorium on 2025-11-20.

A Nov 17, 2025 community forum drew organized opposition over noise, water use, and industrializing public state land; project personnel reportedly received anonymous threats (upnorthlive, WKAR-syndicated coverage).

City Hall reached capacity and residents waited outside.

Opposition ran the full course: the Planning Commission recommended denial 5-1 (2025-06), the Board of Trustees approved the rezoning anyway (2025-07), residents gathered 957 signatures to force a referendum (2025-08), and the rezoning was overturned at the ballot on 2026-08-04 by roughly 90% of voters.

Ypsilanti Township has passed resolutions against the project and encouraged a year-long pause on data center approvals.

The proposal drew months of discussion and protests from Washington Township and neighbouring residents.

City council unanimously rejected the developer's request to lift a data-center moratorium early, calling it 'unreasonable as it relates to the potential health, safety, and welfare impacts in the city.' The source reports that during roughly 90 minutes of public comment no speaker expressed support, with concerns centred on proximity to schools, day cares and homes.

The planning commission voted 5-2 in February 2026 to grant preliminary site plan approval for the data center and approved the final site plan 5-1 on October 14, 2026.

Majority of public speakers opposed at the Dec 16, 2025 council hearing ('too many unknowns' -- Council President Charles Hicks); approved anyway 5-2.

City of Marshall reworking noise ordinances ahead of the project; public concern over noise, emissions, and impact on Stuart Lake and an adjacent city-owned nature preserve.

Flint City Council passed a one-year moratorium on data-center permitting, site plans and construction on June 8, 2026, explicitly while the city studies the issue; WNEM's coverage names the Buick site as one of several under discussion but does not itself name a developer or a filed application.

Neighbours reported an all-day high-pitched noise once the facility became operational.

Tax-sharing negotiations between Vevay Township and the City of Mason broke down, with township officials rejecting an offer reported at at least $1 million per year for 30 years; landowners then moved to petition the Michigan State Boundary Commission to annex the site into the city.

Developer (via counsel) threatened injunctions/damages after the township denied a stormwater easement; a $10M community-benefits offer was floated July 2026.

Detroit City Council voted to request a two-year data center moratorium; Councilwoman Mary Waters raised energy and water concerns

Township enacted a 180-day data center moratorium on Dec 11, 2025 after consultants said it was unprepared for data center pressure

Two residents and the Coalition for Responsible Data Center Development sued to stop the project, alleging violations of the Orderly Annexation Agreement between Farmington and Castle Rock Township and raising water, electricity, noise and air-quality objections.

Two lawsuits are pending against the City of Hermantown: an environmental review challenge by the Minnesota Center for Environmental Advocacy and Stop the Hermantown Data Center (St.

The Minnesota Center for Environmental Advocacy appealed the City's 2025-08-12 findings and negative declaration.

Nobles County Board rejected the requested zoning change (~June 2026); no confirmation found of the developer abandoning or appealing the project, so status is recorded as proposed pending further news rather than presumed cancelled.

Public hearings on the proposed conversion of a 60,000-square-foot industrial building were dominated by opposition.

City council unanimously rejected the project 2026-03-26, following the planning commission's denial recommendation, citing conflicts with the city's Comprehensive Plan and inability to fund required water-treatment expansion.

Residents objected at public hearings on two main grounds: noise from the fans used to cool the computing equipment, and the environmental impact of the facility's electricity use.

Roughly 100 residents attended an August 2024 public hearing to object, most commonly over noise pollution and effects on home property values.

Residents of the Ashley Acres neighborhood chanted 'No data center' at the May 27, 2026 planning meeting; organizers cited Jackson's drinking-water and infrastructure problems, and an adjacent organic farmer said he was 'very worried about the impact to my organic, regenerative-based farm.' The rezoning hearing was postponed and the city began considering a six-month moratorium on data center approvals.

Canton neighbors report dust, noise and air-quality effects and say they were not consulted; the Southern Environmental Law Center has raised ambient-air-standard concerns over the 700+ diesel generators.

Mayor Lynn Spruill supports the project, citing roughly $1 million in annual revenue for the electric department to offset rate increases.

Not a residents-vs-site dispute: the documented opposition is regulatory and commercial.

County commissioners unanimously approved; opposition group Preserve Montgomery County filed a Missouri Sunshine Law lawsuit against the commissioners (Feb 2026).

Reported filed in Jackson County Circuit Court; temporary restraining order reported sought.

Pending, filed April 2026.

Pending, filed August 28, 2026, St.

Public opposition over energy and water use, water quality and lack of transparency (NDAs) led the mayor to say opposition sank the project.

Nearly all public commenters opposed; the St.

Preserve Montgomery County LLC (coalition of local residents, farmers, and business owners) filed a 10-count lawsuit in February 2026 alleging Missouri Sunshine Law violations, specifically that county commissioners conducted negotiations in closed sessions and signed NDAs with Amazon.

Nearby residents organized opposition (a Facebook group and a community meeting in Sarcoxie), arguing data centers belong where infrastructure already exists.

Heavy organized opposition (Pacific ROOT Coalition, Franklin County Rural Coalition) over wells, the Meramec River corridor, noise and a conflict-of-interest allegation (a landowner sat on county P&Z).

No lawsuit filed.

Platte County Presiding Commissioner Scott Fricker publicly said he cannot support Project Kestrel.

Residents raised concerns about water use, noise and possible pollution of the Blackfoot River.

Ten people attended the Oct.

Thirteen landowners signed purchase options between December 2025 and mid-March 2026; a farmer who declined said the project "caused a bunch of division in the community among neighbors" and objected to turning Hallam from "a small, sleepy farming community" into "an industrial center." Lancaster County commissioners were separately weighing a 12-month data-center moratorium in August 2026.

Otoe County commissioners passed a one-year moratorium on new data-center permits (May 2026), with the board chair describing sentiment as '50/50'; the Gage County planning commission unanimously recommended an 18-month moratorium (June 2026) to applause.

Nearly 300 people attended the August 2026 commission meeting, a strong majority speaking in opposition.

Public pushback in Boulder City preceded the applicant's withdrawal of its application for the city-owned parcel on July 6, 2026.

Residents packed a July 2026 Nye County town hall and a subsequent county forum to object; a public petition opposing the project is circulating.

The Sierra Club Toiyabe Chapter said behind-the-meter self-generation locks the public out of the regulatory process by reducing oversight; Storey County officials described the arrangement as a new development for industrial power generation at the Tahoe Reno Industrial Center.

The City of Reno published a standing FAQ for this project specifically because of 'increased public inquiries', covering noise, construction hours, notification, generator emissions and power-demand growth.

Nearby property owners objected at the Lyon County Planning Commission over proximity to residential land, structure heights of up to roughly 150 feet, noise and notice.

Lyon County commissioners approved a 6-month countywide moratorium (Resolution 12-26, effective through Jan 22, 2027) on July 23, 2026 that halts receipt/review/hearing/granting of new data-center applications, amid a wave of county data-center controversy.

The Enterprise Town Advisory Board recommended denial, and Sierra Club and environmental-justice advocates opposed the project at the June 2026 hearing, citing grid strain from AI-driven data center growth.

At a Bow Select Board meeting on 2026-09-23, an overwhelming majority of residents who spoke opposed the project, citing noise, water and air pollution.

Residents opposed the application at the Planning Board, which advanced it on 2026-09-17 and set a public hearing for 2026-10-21.

Hexa filed a 104-page, 20-count suit on 5 June 2026 seeking a declaration that the ban is unconstitutional, reversal of the planning board's rejection and $300 million in damages.

Residents organized against the plan, and it became an issue in the 2026 mayoral race.

Residents organized through East Greenwich Grassroots, Protectegnj.com, local Facebook groups and door-to-door outreach before American Tower withdrew.

Voluntarily dismissed without prejudice, June 19, 2026 (filed May 26, 2026).

The mayor backs the project as filling the economic gap left by Merck's departure, and CoreWeave is New Jersey-based.

Holmdel introduced a data center ban on 21 July 2026 and adopted it 11 August 2026.

Residents allege two ordinances (Sept 2025, April 2026) were illegally tailored to benefit a single developer.

Fair Share Housing Center and environmental groups oppose using the housing settlement to allow a data center, and residents spoke against it at a council meeting.

Resident petition opposing the project reached 887 signatures by June 2026; mayor cited existing Environmental Commission / Planning Board oversight.

Months of opposition from ranchers and environmentalists; petitions drew thousands of signatures and Socorro County commissioners unanimously adopted a one-year data center moratorium on June 9, 2026.

More than 100 residents organized as 'Protect Our Resources' to press city leaders to stop or slow the project, citing noise and light pollution and water and electricity use in a town of about 6,000; the City Commission has been weighing a temporary data center moratorium.

Residents organized as 'Project Consequences'; the Sierra County Commission unanimously converted a resolution into an 18-month data center moratorium on July 21, 2026.

Residents said they were blindsided by the classified notice and organized opposition.

The NM Environmental Law Center sued the Doña Ana County Commission over the incentive approval; Sunland Park City Council asked for a postponement; the commission approved 4-1 amid audience opposition.

About a dozen residents spoke against the project at the April 28, 2026 Gallup City Council meeting, citing water rights and unfulfilled promises from similar projects; the council voted to defer the third amendment to the effluent option agreement, with the mayor the sole 'no' vote on deferral.

Pending, U.S.

Three years of litigation between NYSDEC and Greenidge over the Title V air permit renewal (denied 2022, overturned by state Supreme Court November 2024) ended in a November 2025 settlement.

The site (operated as US Bitcoin Corp before the Hut 8 merger) was shut down by a state Supreme Court justice who found the operators in contempt of a prior court order over noise.

The East Fishkill Town Board "voted unanimously to pass" a three-year moratorium on data centers on June 25, 2026, following organised resident opposition; advocacy groups have used the fight to campaign for a statewide Responsible Data Center Development Act.

Organized, documented opposition.

19,700-signature petition (17,000 from NY state) submitted to Lansing Town Board.

Gov.

An Oct 2025 virtual rally against Holtec's Indian Point plans drew 279 attendees (Food & Water Watch, Indian Point Safe Energy Coalition, Stop Holtec, Mothers Out Front, Ramapough Munsee Nation); Westchester County Legislature introduced an opposition act.

NCPR reports "about 80 people" attended the May 21, 2026 planning board meeting, that "some shouted their opposition and questions from the audience," and quotes a resident of Akwesasne (the Mohawk territory less than two miles from the site) asking for more community engagement.

Hundreds of residents packed a June 3, 2026 Town of Tonawanda Planning Board meeting to oppose the project; concerns included cooling-system noise, comparisons to the Love Canal environmental disaster, and grid-strain concerns raised by Clean Air Coalition board chair Jim Jones.

Sits on a 71-acre site holding three existing empty warehouses, west of Sills Road on the north side of the LIE North Service Road, ~1,000 feet from a residential neighborhood.

A 2021 transformer explosion and an Oct 2022 city cease-and-desist over zoning forced a shutdown; a 2025 zoning amendment plus Niagara Falls Planning Board site-plan approval let it resume.

In July 2026 the Orangetown Planning Board unanimously issued a positive SEQRA declaration on the 77,862 sq ft Phase II expansion, which requires a full EIS.

Town of Oneonta (Otsego County) Town Board unanimously passed a one-year moratorium on data centers/crypto facilities on 2026-05-13, in direct response to Eco-Yotta Inc.'s application to rezone the County Route 9 parcel to a Planned Development District.

Rockland County IDA approved a roughly $77M sales-tax-exemption package (construction materials/equipment) on 2024-02 for an existing-facility expansion (the facility began construction in 2017 and is already operational), promising exactly one new permanent job; JPMorgan Chase will pay ~$600,000/year in PILOT payments through 2044.

About 75 people attended an August 2026 Council of Albany Neighborhood Associations meeting on the plan.

The Town of Portland Board passed a resolution of general support on 11 March 2026, while residents of Portland, Brocton and neighbouring communities organised opposition meetings and collected more than 3,100 petition signatures against the project, citing generator noise, water supply, electrical demand and impacts on the Lake Erie Grape Belt.

Eco TIP West sued Chatham County in Superior Court in April 2026, seeking a declaration that the county's 12-month data-center moratorium (adopted Feb 11, 2026; expires Feb 11, 2027) is illegal and void.

Pending, Stokes County Superior Court (filed March 12, 2026).

Developer withdrew its annexation/rezoning application on March 5, 2026 after months of organized Apex-area opposition (Protect Wake County Coalition citing noise, air-quality, and water-use concerns); an Apex town council member then proposed a one-year moratorium on new data-center applications in the town.

Cumberland County commissioners held a public hearing on a proposed data-center moratorium (2026-05-18) at which 21 speakers spoke in favor of a temporary ban, citing PFAS contamination from cooling systems, grid/water-infrastructure stress, farmland/ecosystem impact, rising residential electricity rates, and broken past job-creation promises.

More than 90 residents attended an April 2026 town hall on the proposed Henderson Grove Church Road data center, submitting written concerns ranging from demanding the project be stopped to questions about power/water demand and emergency response; advocacy group Down Home North Carolina criticized the meeting format.

More than 100 residents spoke in support of a county-wide data center moratorium, driven largely by this project.

Neighbors describe a constant hum audible up to a mile away; residents say the operation arrived with no notice.

A petition against the project gathered more than 2,700 signatures; residents raised noise, power, water and neighborhood-character concerns.

More than 100 people signed up to comment on the annexation; of 32 registered speakers, 30 opposed.

Statesville City Council voted 8-0 to approve the rezoning (Sept 16, 2025) after a roughly two-hour public hearing where 17 residents spoke against the project versus 5 in favor; the Planning Board had likewise recommended approval at an earlier hearing packed with vocal opposition.

Charlotte City Council approved the rezoning 7 to 4 in May 2025 over environmental and neighborhood objections (an earlier rezoning of the same parcel drew a ~1,300-signature petition), and metro-wide data-center pushback is intensifying, a comparable Matthews project was withdrawn in Oct 2025 after opposition.

As of an August 2023 report, Charlotte city staff declined to endorse the project over noise concerns, and Councilmember LaWana Slack-Mayfield said the industrial-scale use 'should be in an industrial area, not around residential homes.' Charlotte City Council approved a 150-day pause on new data center development on June 8, 2026, and voted unanimously in October 2026 to extend it until October 18, 2027; existing permits are unaffected.

Residents protested outside the Charlotte-Mecklenburg Government Center and said they received no direct communication about the project; the petitioner deferred the public hearing to allow more community engagement.

Advocacy group Clean Water for NC organized a petition and community meeting (Sept 2025) after commissioners said Microsoft had shared no official plans; at a Microsoft-hosted community meeting in June 2026.

Rezoning case F-1669, 129 acres across from Rural Hall Town Hall.

The Eastover Town Council wrote to Fayetteville officials opposing the project; residents organised locally around noise, water demand and the diesel generator count.

Residents are divided, and some object to building on prime farmland.

Oliver County commissioners enacted, then repealed, a 180-day countywide data-center moratorium (approved ~June 2026, repealed by July 10, 2026) amid resident concerns raised at public meetings.

Opposition surfaced when the project was announced (Aug 2025): environmental advocates and at least one area farmer argued Minnkota Power Cooperative member-owners (farmers, ranchers, rural residents) could see higher electric rates from the substation/powerline buildout funded to serve the data center; one resident called for a moratorium to allow more planning time.

American Heavy Plate Solutions LLC (a neighboring tenant leasing 9.9 of the 100-acre Hannibal Industrial Park) sued Bitdeer subsidiaries (Erie Creek LLC, Whitetail Creek LLC, Bitdeer Inc.) and the Monroe County Port Authority in the Court of Common Pleas of Monroe County, OH (disclosed in Bitdeer's SEC Form 6-K, Feb 2 2026), seeking declaratory and injunctive relief over a restrictive covenant in AHP's 2018 lease; Bitdeer says it will 'vigorously defend' and that construction/power timing 'may be affected.'

Pending, U.S.

Lordstown Village Council voted 6-0 (Nov 3) to ban future data centers effective Dec 3; the developer (Bristolville 25 Developer LLC / BHGH Properties, whose Oct 20 site-plan submission predated the ban) petitioned the Ohio Supreme Court for a writ of mandamus to compel the village to process its application.

A Scioto County resident sued the county commissioners in Common Pleas Court alleging Ohio Open Meetings Act violations (closed executive sessions) in negotiating the Community Reinvestment Area tax agreement tied to the Google project; the suit followed documented resident pushback at a township meeting.

Urbana's zoning appeals board rejected the Feb 2026 site plan.

Mayor Justin Bibb's administration rejected the building permit on May 14, 2026; a city spokesperson cited serious concerns about hyperscale, standalone data centers in neighborhoods, and City Council was concurrently weighing a moratorium.

Peremptory writ granted for relators, Ohio Supreme Court, August 7, 2026; referendum reported set for the November 3, 2026 ballot.

The Preble County Planning Commission rejected the rezoning 11-0 and the Rural Zoning Commission 5-0; residents raised electricity-cost and water-supply concerns.

Athens Township trustees (Aug 1, 2026), Athens City Council (Aug 3, 2026) and the Athens County commissioners (Aug 4, 2026) each adopted one-year data center moratoria after residents packed July 28 meetings.

Ravenna City Council's planning committee moved to impose a one-year citywide data center moratorium after public opposition; the moratorium was adopted April 20, 2026.

Active opposition from 'Sidney Citizens for Responsible Development' (founded by Kristin Allen, 4th-generation farm family) and 'Sidney Citizens Data Center Watch' (150+ Facebook members).

Sprigg Township passed a 12-month data center moratorium (2026-02-26) after residents learned of the project; a resident-founded group (Conserve Ohio) is pushing a statewide ban on large-scale data centers, citing rising electricity costs and water/environmental concerns.

Standing-room-only town hall meetings; local opposition coverage from Kent Stater and The Portager.

A citizen group ('United Neighbors of Oregon') is petitioning to force a November 2026 public referendum on the project.

Pierce Township's data center moratorium is in force.

Trenton Planning Commission approved the site plan in a ~10-minute meeting (Mar 30, 2026) taking no public questions despite ~30 residents expecting a hearing; a 500+-member opposition group (W.A.T.E.R.) is petitioning for a Butler County charter amendment to ban data centers over 25MW.

Local opposition petition ("BitDeer Bitmine in Massillon" nuisance petition) circulated via MoveOn; a Massillon city council vote reportedly allowed the project to proceed, though the source for that vote could not be independently retrieved or verified as of July 2026.

Sustained resident opposition: rallies at City Hall and a citizen petition drive.

The Ohio Tax Credit Authority approved Cologix COL5's $42.3M tax exemption on 2026-06-02, days after Gov.

Wilmington City Council rezoned the 500 acres on a 5-2 vote on February 19, 2026; one council member urged slowing the process and opponents said they were organizing a ballot-referendum legal challenge.

Hilliard has asked AEP and Bloom Energy to install carbon-capture technology, citing an air permit that allows emissions of up to 1.45 million pounds of CO2 per day, and the air permit is in administrative-court litigation.

Madison Township and St.

Organized resident opposition on environmental, health, and energy-cost concerns documented since at least fall 2025; the project's power-delivery shortfall (240 MW requested vs.

A 5,178-signature opposition petition sparked a moratorium push in neighboring Ironton; construction is proceeding.

The mayor and village council members signed nondisclosure agreements before residents learned of the project; council member Eric Lang rescinded his NDA and on February 3, 2026 introduced ordinances for 180-day data center and small-modular-reactor permit moratoria plus a permanent ban on commercial nuclear facilities.

Approved Nov 2025 (emergency resolution under NDA) but drew an opposition petition with 2,500+ signatures.

Residents packed meetings demanding answers on light, noise and water supply.

Niles City Council halted annexation talks April 20, 2026 after community backlash; no formal petition, zoning, or building-permit application was ever filed with the city.

The Pawhuska Public Works Authority voted 3-2 for a data center moratorium through Dec.

Neighboring landowners raised concerns about water supply, electricity demand, roads and infrastructure, noise, lighting, agriculture and nearby rural property.

Residents packed Piedmont's Planning Commission meeting over competing data-center proposals; the BLE Landholdings/Beltline vote was deferred (June 1, 2026) for further comprehensive-plan review, the same night a sibling proposal (Cloverleaf) was recommended for denial.

Piedmont Planning Commission recommended the City Council DENY the 'Project Open Sky' PUD rezoning pending additional information.

Residents voiced distrust over transparency and raised water, property-value, public-health and electricity concerns at a July 2026 open house; the county commission established a citizen advisory planning committee on data centers.

All local taxing jurisdictions approved the 25-year incentive agreement, but Payne County Commissioner Rhonda Markum cast the lone dissenting vote, citing water and transparency concerns (officials were required to sign NDAs before learning project details).

Tulsa City Council passed a 9-month moratorium on new data centers in March 2026 to evaluate ecological impact; Project Anthem was carved out as it was approved before the moratorium vote.

Residents raised concerns over electricity costs, water use, noise, property values, pre-existing oil leases and grid reliability; two public meetings were scheduled at Kiowa High School in May 2026.

Protect Sand Springs Alliance filed an annexation-challenge lawsuit (Jan 2026); Land Legacy filed a conservation-easement enforcement suit (Mar 2026) covering 270 of the 827 acres; a recall petition targets the City Council and mayor; Osage Nation raised mineral-estate sovereignty and consultation concerns.

Local opposition, including the successful recall of two officials who had approved the deal, preceded the Port of Cascade Locks' decision to cancel, with concerns centred on utility rate increases.

Roughly five hours of public comment preceded a unanimous La Pine City Council vote against the project on 27 May 2026; residents cited power draw, noise, light and the small-town character of the city.

Settled December 14, 2022, Wasco County Circuit Court.

Two-round appeal fight: planning staff approved (July 2024); a resident appeal was denied by the Planning Commission (4-2, Sept 3, 2024); a further appeal was denied by City Council (5-0, Oct 14, 2024).

Neighbouring property owners filed letters of concern over Oregon white oak removal via a fee-in-lieu buyout, wetland and greenway encroachment, and the 92-foot four-storey Phase 2 building.

Upper Burrell Township passed a 180-day data-center moratorium in May 2026, but it did not apply to permits already granted to TECfusions for 'Building J', and supervisors approved a land development plan for that building on Aug.

Clifton Township supervisors unanimously approved a zoning settlement with the developer on January 3, 2026 after the developer appealed a zoning board decision on November 26, 2025; residents said they plan to take the supervisors to court.

Original 2018/2024 zoning and final-plan approvals are being challenged; a court called one challenge 'frivolous' (June 2026).

Residents filed a validity challenge to the overlay ordinance, arguing it is illegal spot zoning permitting industrial development in a rural residential district; zoning hearing board testimony continued into April 2026.

The Zoning Hearing Board unanimously denied the developer's challenge to the borough's data center ordinance on May 20, 2026.

East Vincent Township supervisors unanimously rejected the conditional-use application on 2026-05-21; developer appealed on 2026-06-26 to the Chester County Court of Common Pleas.

North Beaver and Mahoning townships amended their ordinances to impose stricter data-center regulations; Stonebridge has separate lawsuits pending against both townships disputing whether its plans were filed before those ordinance changes took effect (as of July 2026).

Hazle Township denied NorthPoint's land development application; NorthPoint is appealing in Luzerne County Court of Common Pleas and created a $30M fund to offset potential short-term utility rate increases for residents during the appeal.

Supervisors denied the zoning overlay in January 2026 after resident objections.

Triboro Commerce Park LLC sued Olyphant Borough after the council moved to invalidate zoning covering the site; the council later voted unanimously to settle via a stipulation that a community group said effectively conceded what a judge would likely have ruled for the developer anyway.

None of about three dozen speakers at the developer-run town hall supported the project.

Limerick Township's Board of Supervisors voted on Jan.

Sustained resident opposition with lawn signs and petitions; the borough manager credited residents' activism after the application was retracted.

Application drew heavy opposition from residents and business owners at the Plymouth Township Zoning Board hearing (June 2026).

More than 200 residents packed conditional use hearings; signs read 'no data centers in Hanover Township'.

The South Whitehall Civic Alliance opposes the project outright, "The only acceptable outcome is no data center", and has pledged to fight it up to the Pennsylvania Supreme Court.

At the July 23, 2026 Upper Merion planning commission meeting the vast majority of the crowd stood when asked who opposed the project; opposition has grown since the late-May 2026 unveiling.

A community organizer gathered more than 500 petition signatures, described as roughly one third of the township's adult population.

The Archbald Neighborhood Association submitted a draft ordinance amendment (Oct 2025) to restrict data centers to a single industrial-zoned site, and residents packed fall-2025 hearings demanding restrictions; the borough council approved the enabling zoning anyway on a divided Nov 24, 2025 vote.

Middlesex Township supervisors voted 3-0 (Ordinance 3-2025, May 30 2025) to create a 694-acre Data Center Overlay District making data centers a by-right use; Protect Cumberland County PA documents organized opposition over water, pollution, utility rates, and private-well impacts (Rep.

Jessup's zoning hearing board unanimously rejected the developer's appeal; the borough has since adopted an ordinance restricting data centers.

Repurposing two former printing plants drew strong resident opposition (about 20 speakers against, none in favor, at one hearing) and a challenge to the zoning classification that bypassed public hearings; the city is drafting a data-center-specific ordinance.

Residents raised noise, air quality, water use and grid-reliability concerns at planning commission and council hearings; a Change.org petition against the project gathered more than 300 signatures.

A packed, heavily police-attended June 2, 2026 town hall drew sustained resident criticism over transparency and the loss of the site's former racetrack; a borough council member's public support for the project drew further accusations that officials weren't listening to residents.

Substantial local opposition; proposal went before the Upper Macungie Township zoning hearing board.

The developers filed a curative-amendment zoning challenge.

Neighbors on John Brady Drive strongly oppose; township is drafting a data center ordinance and seeking legal counsel.

Township officials advanced a data center ordinance while saying no formal plan had been submitted; residents packed a township workshop objecting that they had heard about the project only through rumours and public statements made outside the community.

Smithfield Town Council voted 4-1 (May 5, 2025) to amend zoning to list data centers as "not permitted" in all districts; Hanton City Investments filed its application May 4, one day before the vote, preserving pre-ban review (a use variance faces "a pretty high bar").

Concerned Citizens of Spartanburg County, represented by the Southern Environmental Law Center, sued Valara, Spartanburg County and the county administrator over the use of minor land development permits.

County staff denied the 300 Jones Road application on June 26, 2026 (Unified Land Management Ordinance noncompliance plus a pending moratorium).

Residents at a packed public hearing objected over water-supply strain, electric-rate increases, industrial noise and loss of the county's rural/agricultural character.

Marion County Council approved the FILOT/incentive package under NDAs across three readings in January 2026, before residents were publicly informed of the project (then code-named Eagle Myra LLC / Project Liberty).

Facing zoning-appeals opposition and a county moratorium reconsideration.

Residents raised concerns at a Sept.

Union County Council tabled the first reading of the FILOT ordinance for Project Alpaca on 2026-04-28 and cancelled a May 12, 2026 public hearing after resident concerns raised at a community listening session; council said the project would need to be reintroduced, with a public information forum required before any further tax-agreement decision.

Nearly 400 residents attended a July 28, 2026 information session.

Residents pushed back.

The city council approved rezoning unanimously despite hours of opposing public testimony; a citizen petition drive is gathering signatures that could force the rezoning to a public vote.

McPherson County's Board of Adjustment deferred action on Leola Data Center's conditional use permit application (per Aberdeen Insider's report, checked 2026-09-13; the article text was largely paywalled, so the exact hearing date could not be independently confirmed).

The NAACP (with SELC and Earthjustice) sued xAI over roughly 35 unpermitted methane gas turbines; the county permitted only 15, and the Memphis and Shelby County Air Pollution Control Board dismissed the NAACP/Young, Gifted & Green appeal of that permit as moot on 2025-12-15 (6-1).

Shut down 2026-03-28 under a 2023 Washington County lawsuit settlement over noise/zoning violations.

SDCL Tennessee Propco LLC filed suit in Chancery Court on Sept.

WUOT/LPM (2025-08-15) reports Mountain City leaders courted CleanSpark from February 2025 in closed-door meetings and advanced planning proposals without proper public notice; residents did not learn of the plan until April 2025.

Hawkins County Commission passed a resolution in September 2025 prohibiting cryptocurrency mining and data center operations county-wide; neighbours cited noise and electricity-rate concerns.

Two petitions circulated against the plan within weeks of the May 2026 announcement, one on Change.org with more than 4,200 signatures and another with more than 360, and residents and Fisk alumni spoke against it.

Residents protested outside the July 27, 2026 Mayor and Aldermen meeting citing lack of notice, power and water use, noise and infrastructure costs, and asked to re-check the developer-commissioned independent study

North Nashville residents raised concerns about water, noise, air quality, nearness to Richard Dinkins Middle School and the area's past landfill contamination.

Residents said they learned of the project only after the January 2026 rezoning; petitions seeking an 18-month county-wide moratorium gathered thousands of signatures, and residents raised transparency, energy, water and public-health objections.

The White County Commission voted on July 20, 2026 to ban grid-connected AI and data center facilities countywide, but the project appears able to proceed: the county lacks comprehensive zoning and the parcel avoided regional planning review.

No lawsuit filed.

Hill County's 1-year moratorium (passed 3-2, May 12, 2026) was rescinded June 4, 2026 after RCM Hill filed a $100M federal lawsuit, which remains active seeking damages.

Both suits pending; state case filed Oct 2024, federal case filed May 2026.

Approval revoked and now contested via developer lawsuit against Hood County.

Tyler's Planning & Zoning Commission denied Barrio's special-use permit in July 2026; the Zoning Board of Adjustment unanimously rejected a separate, untimely-filed Barrio appeal on 2026-09-03.

The city approved the rezoning, but residents sued city officials alleging procedural and open-meeting violations.

Residents launched a recall petition against McGregor's mayor over the closed-session approval of the ~500-acre Galaxy Digital land sale and aquifer/water-supply concerns; enough signatures were collected by mid-July 2026 to advance the recall to the next phase.

Victoria County Commissioners Court heard organized opposition at a public hearing on the Crusoe/Blue Energy project (wastewater/injection-well concerns) alongside a rally by 'Concerned Citizens for Responsible Development' opposing AI data centers in the area (June-July 2026); no vote reported yet.

Sembrando Esperanza Coalition and environmental groups oppose the proposed natural gas plant, citing air quality and rate equity concerns.

Organized local opposition (Concerned Citizens of Navarro County; Change.org petition).

Brazoria County commissioners unanimously denied four 10-year, 100% abatements, citing noise, water and power use.

Residents raised property-value, transparency, and drought-era water-use concerns at a Feb 24, 2026 Hill County Commissioners Court tax-abatement hearing; Nexus subsequently withdrew its tax-abatement request.

Riesel residents formed a 'Stop the Riesel Data Center' opposition page and the City Council and a McLennan County commissioner publicly criticized the project's lack of transparency (May 2026); no vote, denial, or lawsuit yet.

Core Scientific-hosted town halls and multiple protests over its Hunt County data-center plans (which include the ~260-acre Telios Quinlan One acquisition) drew organized resident opposition on water/noise/air-quality grounds.

Local opposition (Protect the Paluxy Valley group, aquifer/water concerns); a Feb 2026 county moratorium vote failed 3-2.

Ross and Elm Mott residents organized against the project.

Substantial pushback reported from residents at an open house.

TCEQ air permit process (for 93 planned gas turbines) drew 279+ public comments, majority opposed.

A proposed 12-month data-center moratorium was rejected by county commissioners; local opposition documented.

More than 100 people opposed the project at the Sept.

At an Aug 19, 2026 Spanish Fork City Council public hearing, nearly two hours of public comment ran almost unanimously against the project over unverified environmental claims, wildlife/water-resource risk, and proximity to residences; the council tabled the Title 15 zoning amendments the project needs to proceed.

Contested locally.

Community opposition over fast-tracked MIDA process, CO2 emissions (~34M metric tons/year at full build), light/noise pollution, and Great Salt Lake impacts.

The Vernon Selectboard chair says a data center is the least popular option among townspeople, citing electricity use, water use and noise.

Tuckahoe is the first project filed under Goochland's new Technology Overlay District, which is itself the subject of an active lawsuit by four residents alleging the county violated state notice requirements when adopting it; the overlay's adoption also drew broader resident backlash.

Awaiting ruling, Fauquier County Circuit Court.

The Planning Commission recommended denial 5-4, and neighbors sued over the April 2022 4-3 rezoning (alleged spot zoning and substation approval).

Chesterfield's 2026 ordinance made data centers a conditional use; the planning director ruled the landowner lacked vested rights to build by-right, and the Board of Zoning Appeals unanimously upheld that denial on 2026-06-03.

Rezoning approved Sept 2023; a vested-rights challenge is contested in circuit court.

Hundreds of residents from Hanover, Henrico and Goochland attended hearings citing traffic, water use, noise and rural-character impacts.

Fredericksburg City Council voted 7 to 0 to deny the rezoning and 7 to 0 again to deny the special use permit after a public hearing that ran past midnight.

Chesapeake City Council denied the rezoning; project did not proceed.

Concluded: rezonings void, final appeal withdrawn July 2, 2026.

More than 100 residents gathered at the Scruggs Volunteer Fire Department over water, electricity and quality-of-life impacts; residents learned of the project only through FOIA requests and demanded answers from the county.

The Planning Commission unanimously recommended denial, citing substandard roads and traffic.

The Fauquier Planning Commission voted 3-2 on March 18, 2026 to recommend denial of the campus's earlier gas-turbine private power plant proposal, and the Piedmont Environmental Council asked the Board of Supervisors to defer its decision on the later fuel-cell plan.

The Prince William County BOS approved the Gainesville Crossing rezoning (REZ2018-00008) 7-1 on Dec 10 2019 over opposition from the Coalition to Protect Prince William County (Elena Schlossberg: 'Citizens are carrying the burden of the massive infrastructure bills for these energy hogs').

Pittsylvania BOS approved the rezoning unanimously (July 2024), but residents living near the Ringgold parcel spoke against the project at both the Board and Planning Commission meetings, citing noise and light pollution.

Most of the 44 speakers opposed, citing setback waivers, the transmission route and the mixed-use land-use designation.

Bristow residents organized and challenged rezoning in court unsuccessfully.

The Piedmont Environmental Council (PEC), a regional land-use advocacy group, has formally opposed this project since its original 2019 iteration and reiterated concerns in Oct 2024 about the site's proximity to the Town of Remington and flood-risk impact.

Four supervisors, Michael Turner, Juli E.

Actively contested, packed Board of Supervisors / Planning Commission meetings (July 2026).

At a March 2024 Vint Hill Conservancy community meeting devoted largely to the CyrusOne campus, critics said the plans showed 45-foot buildings on elevated ground that would be obtrusive to residents roughly a third of a mile away, while conservancy president Chris Zumot publicly backed the project, telling the Fauquier Times the group "feels for CyrusOne" over county restrictions affecting it.

The Planning Commission recommended denial of the original application (June 2025) and of the revised Remington Digital Campus application (4-1, July 16, 2026, per the Piedmont Environmental Council).

Most speakers opposed it over water, electricity and traffic.

The Planning Commission unanimously recommended denial.

Stafford Board of Supervisors deferred (did not approve) the Amazon Potomac Church proffer amendment on June 18, 2026, citing road damage, generator emissions, and water-sharing concerns.

There is a historic cemetery on site (Seddon family burials and unmarked graves believed to be of enslaved people).

On Oct 5, 2026 Carroll County voted 6-0 to reject the amended BRCEDA agreement and began exploring leaving the authority.

Residents packed a June 24, 2026 Chesterfield Board of Supervisors meeting demanding transparency on the three Google projects (Peanut, Skye, Loch; $9B combined); zero speakers voiced support and no developers attended.

Same June 24, 2026 packed Chesterfield Board of Supervisors meeting covering all three Google projects (Peanut, Skye, Loch; $9B combined); zero speakers voiced support, residents demanded transparency and are organizing for continued engagement as further proposals advance.

Residents voiced concerns at county informational sessions over the proposed AI campus.

No lawsuit filed.

In May 2024, Fauquier County supervisors voted 4-1 to grandfather the Vint Hill Corners project out of stricter new Vint Hill data-center zoning rules; Supervisor Ike Broaddus, who represents the district, said he remained personally opposed to the project as sited because it would be too close to residences, while Supervisor Regan Washer cast the lone dissenting vote on the exemption agreement.

Appalachian Voices reports Wise County residents learned of the project in late 2025 through a LinkedIn post rather than official county channels and raised transparency concerns; as of early March 2026 no additional public information was available.

Yakama Nation members and environmental groups protest the adjacent Goldendale pumped-storage project on the sacred site of Pushpum, which would supply up to 80% of its output to this data center.

Developer has little operating history and a prior unrealized project in Livermore, CA; undisclosed discussions between the developer and Spokane County commissioners drew public criticism; a companion Avista MOU (counterparty undisclosed, believed to be this project) was paused June 12, 2026.

Cle Elum's city council voted unanimously to introduce a six-month data-center moratorium and scheduled a Sept.

Air quality permit for the co-located power plant has been formally appealed by Tucker United, the West Virginia Highlands Conservancy, and the Sierra Club; litigation over jurisdiction was ongoing as of an August 31, 2026 report (advocacy groups seeking WV Supreme Court review).

Organized neighborhood opposition; residents described the tabling as a victory and said they intended to press the commission for full dismissal rather than postponement.

60+ Mason County residents attended March 17, 2026 meeting to organize opposition; concerns over noise, light, water, and CO2 pollution.

300+ residents packed a Spring Mills High School town hall (March 2026) over water, flooding, eminent-domain, and loss-of-local-zoning-control (HB 2014) concerns, backed by an organized 'No Data Centers in the Eastern Panhandle' Facebook group; no vote has been held yet.

Pending, U.S.

Both suits pending.

Residents voted 44-0 (April 16, 2026) to ban data centers in the township.

Town chairman David Hardtke: 'People in the town of Carlton do not want the AI (data) center.' Opposition centered on farmland preservation; some residents favored the economic development.

In the Aug.

More than 2,000 people signed a petition opposing the rezoning.

The group 'No Data Center in DeForest' had 4,100+ members at withdrawal; the Village Board signaled a unanimous 7-0 denial of the annexation petition, citing transparency and watershed/land-use concerns.

An opposition petition gathered roughly 100 signatures per the town clerk, who said he had "never seen a proposal like this in the town." The Town of Janesville board subsequently approved a data center moratorium, one of several Rock County townships to do so.

More than 20 residents spoke against the proposal at the November 2025 council meeting; a Nov.

On September 16, 2026 the Plan Commission voted 7-0 to recommend denying the CUP, and the Common Council decides on October 20, 2026.

Hammond Village Board voted 5-0 to deny Metered Mining's conditional use permit on 2026-05-11.

Active opposition group 'Stop the Menomonie Data Center'; Mayor Knaack (Sept 2025) called it 'not a suitable fit'; the city administrator signed an NDA limiting transparency; residents built a national toolkit for similar proposals; the new mayor is continuing the I-4 ordinance process.

Community concerns about noise, traffic, and community character reported in local coverage.

At the February 2026 council presentation about a dozen speakers opposed the plan, citing secrecy around Meta's nearby project, water and energy use, and property values.

An August 2022 expansion permit was voted down over noise.

On Sept 8, 2026 the Cheyenne Planning Commission unanimously denied the land-use map amendment and the rezoning from Agricultural to Light Industrial.

Neighboring landowners mounted "fierce pushback" over noise, heat, fumes, and traffic concerns, prompting developers to weigh relocating to an alternate parcel as of July 2026 (no denial or lawsuit yet).

The council approved annexation 8-2 after a six-hour meeting.